Education as a sub system of soiciety

Unit-4 B

Education as a sub - system of society

Education and society both are inter-related or inter-dependent because both mutually influence each other i.e. complimentary. Without education how we can build an ideal society and without society how can we organize education system systematically that means both are needed to understand. Education helps individuals to learn how to live, how to behave, how to organize everything in their lives so it is an agent which brings change in society or we can say in one line Education is a social change agent. Let us describe the influence of society on education.

1) Influence of social structure and ideals:
If society is well structured and have ideals than it automatically effects the education. Social structure is generally built in religion, the way of living life, philosophy of members of society, politics, economy and it has some good ideals which help every individual and contribute in society after all educationalist, experts and psychologist are coming from society who mould the education system and make it more practical full-fledged with technologies. So we can find many schools, colleges have different system of teaching and learning. If we compare Indian society with abroad countries societies than we can find the change in education system which is mainly based on social structure and ideals. If a society develops day by day, it automatically brings change in society and society affects education and its ultimate objective is to make productive individual which can be fulfilled on through education. E.g. as we find some schools are followed strict rules and regulation and they have their own ideals i.e. to live simply and follow the values including truth, non-violence, honesty etc.

2) Influence of political condition :
Society influence political conditions. The one who is political leader coming from society and he/she always followed the set ideals including democracy, equality and he has also some political ideas such as responsibilities, accountability, unity, integration of human being with values ideals etc. And with those ideals he governs particular area or state and as we know education is related to government. Being a part of it an individual affects the education system. So the political conditions of society bring changes in education system and as we know education helps an individual to achieve political education in society that is why it is said that education is a tool for achieving political education on society.

3) Influence of Economic condition :
As we know according to per capita income all citizens are categorised as upper-class, lower-class and middle class and as per their income they get education from granted and non-granted schools and there citizens will help the society or contribute in the society as per their income. They provide financial support to education. They invest their money in education field and make it concrete with facilities and resources. And thus the education promotes. For further studies many students immigrate in other country and government helps them. If a student who is coming from lower class we will go to abroad for further studies . Thus society’s economic conditions influence the education.

4) Influence of Religious Condition :
As we find many religious sects in society and they have their own institutions where in each religious sect strictly inform the students to follow the rules and regulation and ideals of particular sect. As per religion knowledge members of society contribute in the field of education. As we find the impact of religion in education society is built on various important values which are strictly inculcate via education. As per society, culture, moral ideals affect the education system and so in education we can find the impact of religion. The set ideals of society such as unity, democracy, and so on are there become of religion which are inculcated through education. And because of religion we can find various castes in society which automatically affect the education system.

5) Influence of social Thought :
Every individual has their own thoughts, ideology and beliefs and those thoughts, beliefs and ideologies are covered by culture of society. It is said that man is a social animal why? Because he lives in society and he has his own philosophy and ideology according to which he lives and so we see different educational system in different states and in different countries, so the social thought affect education.

6) Way of Thinking :
Every individual is thinking differently. Everyone has his own philosophy and ideology. The best example of this is the status of English today. Now it is thought from first standard in many schools the same as people migrate from one to another country. So the way of thinking helps in social mobility and it brings change in everything e.g. Today schools infrastructure, way of getting education etc.

7) Influence of Social changes :
As we know change provides everywhere or in everything the same as the society is changing day by day. The best example of this is nuclear family. Because of higher level of literacy today we can see the change in school system, or education system. Today in Indian society we can find English medium schools everywhere and the impact of technology in our life. That is why every society becomes a torch of change. In order to reach up to height of social changes skill based programmes, vocational courses are started in education system. As per the change in philosophical and sociological point of view the new syllabus or curriculum implemented in education and thus we also see the development of values.

To sum up, society provides a platform for education or contributes a lot in the education system.

Influence of Education on society

Education plays a very important role in moulding the character of an individual. It is one of the concrete sources from which one get information and knowledge. It affects the society. We can make sense of its effective role from the following points.

1] Preservation and transmission of our social, moral and cultural values.
In Education, through curriculum, students will be acquainted with social, moral and cultural values and teachers make them familiar with values and ideal through different activities, games, story-telling etc. Education makes them familiar with constitution, rules and regulations of citizens and so on. As we find in NPE 1986 major objectives to produce a productive citizen has been fulfilled by education so education preserves our value and it make others to imbibe those values.

2] Awakening of Social feelings
Through education individuals become aware about the importance of unity, love, fraternity and other values. Education makes all people get awakened of being a part of society and how they can contribute the world as society. People know different values and life skills and thus they develop concern for society including social mindedness, values life skills, learning to be, learning to do, learning to know, learning to live together via different activities story telling dramatization.

3] Political development of society
Education makes all aware about rights and duties of all, which are their responsibilities and duties so that they can develop their civic sense. Through different lesson of political leaders and stories education develop ideal leadership quality so that in future citizens can lead t e state as a society.

4] Economic development of society
Education develops skills in individual and makes him a productive citizen. Through education everyone learns how to earn money and as per their qualification he gets job or labour and on the whole with the help of education more or less everyone get work and earn money so due to increasing literacy per capita income will increase As we find govt take help in the form of tax and thus our economy develops. Because of education people migrate in other country and their earning helps to develop society, country. Thus education affects the economic development of society.

5] Social control
Education makes all aware about customs and duties the same as it makes aware about the rules and regulations as we find the rules in Indian constitution. People know how to preserve their lives via education. They make also familiar with crimes. Thus education provides a guideline and it controls all society.

6] Social changes and reforms
Education makes individuals perfects and aware about the rights. So can claim against dwelled superstitions, beliefs which are harmful for them. Through education everyone learn grow to live and how to save from difficulty and how to inculcate values and ideals in their lives and ideals in their lives so they can appeal in court having of felling injustice. Education makes all aware about how to live peacefully and how to face difficulties ion their lives .They become aware about the proverbs like ‘nothing ventured, nothing gained’ so they develop their risk taking attitudes via education.



7] Socialization of a child
Education trains the mind of a child and it teaches him how to inculcate values in his life. It makes the child understand what is society, how he is a part of society, what are his roles in society, how he should behave, how he should interact with others etc. Education helps him to understand who is he? And it develops a sense if a social being in him. In short education socializes a child.

Thus, education produces productive citizens it helps everyone how to flourish and makes them ideal citizens of society. To sum up, Education influences the society.

Unit 4
Nature of Indian society
Indian society has its own uniqueness in terms of beliefs, traditions, customs, constitutional right, norms, religion ,castes etc…Every society has its own history. It inherits something from its past and that influences its present the same as Indian society has its own history .In order to understand Indian society we should comprehend every aspects of Indian society including its social structure, caste structure, economy, Stratification etc. one by one which are as under.
1] Social structure
The social structure of traditional society was based mainly on the hereditary principle. The members were divided in to hereditary caste groups each with its traditional occupation. People were living together under some roof that means there were living in joint family system. In the ancient period of Indian history, people wanted to attain self realization it was their spiritual goal, and the Indian society is an agriculture society. Agriculture was the main profession in ancient Indian society .Religion has been playing an important role in Indian society. In the democratic Indian society Secularism also become an important part wherein we everyone is free follow his own religion. The forces of modernizations have tended to break the traditional Indian joint family and today we can not find the orthodox nature of Indian society excepting few villages.
2] Caste based structure
The Indian society has differentiated in to hierarchical social order of several castes. The classification of castes in Hinduism mainly based on the hierarchical social order of castes- Brahmin, kshatriya, vaishya and sudra arranged in a descending order of status. Members in each caste –group followed the same hereditary occupation and were socio economically homogeneous and the members of each caste should marry in their own caste. Even though there was caste stratification, people took education from different schools. The class stratification is found even now in almost every Indian community but the rigidity varies from community. We notice the decreasing rigidity in terms of caste everybody’s upliftment only because of education .today no doubt castes inherits in community though people are living together and develop themselves.

3] Multi religious
Indian society is a multi-religious society and every religion has its own importance in Indian society. Indian society is an amalgam of different religious including Hindu, muslim, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhis, Jains, Parsi etc…And all these religious are tied by the thread of democracy and all are living together in harmony and enrich the Indian society.
4] Unilingual or Multilingual society
Indian society is multi cultural society because Indian society accepted every religions and their culture so people have different languages as per their culture. Eg. Hindus speaking Gujarati, a Muslim is speaking Hindi A Bengali has his own Bengali language etc. So Indian society became multilingual society but there is a common language for mutual communication between all i.e. Hindi which is a national language of Indian society .Now English language becomes a link language which joins the people of different states. E.g. Every Indian has at least three or four language skills
5] Multi-cultural society
In Indian society different religious, linguistic, caste, and class groups have their own culture eg along with Indian culture, Gujarati and Marathi cultures, Hindu and Muslim cultures, urban and rural cultures upper and middle class cultures etc. exist in Indian society is multi cultural society and heterogeneous society in terms of heterogeneous cultures exist in it. Although all are living with harmony and peace.
6] Democratic society
Indian society is democratic society wherein everyone has an equal right to live in society. Everyone is free to follow any religion she/he likes. The system, of government of India is democratic in which all the people of a country can vote to elect their representatives through Indian society is multi cultural all are following the rules and regulations of Indian society and live together.
Justice, equality, brotherhood and liberty are the four pillars of Indian constitution and one should know there four values in order to understand Indian democracy.
7] Developing Economy
In the ancient time, the economy of Indian society was a simple and subsistence economy because it was agricultural society, so everyone’s earning was mainly based on agricultural, Handicrafts, and small trade. The production of the goods and serviced was mainly for the consumption and not for the market. As the time passes Indian economy develop day by day. Modern Indian society is a developing society with the help of developed science and terchnology, economy has become a large scale economy with rural-urban and national as well as international lineages. today we see the impact of liberalisation ,privatization and globalisation on Indian economy and because of this we find the expansion in trade and commerce and business.
8] Status of women
In ancient Indian society women were considered as second sex and their status was lower than that of man. Women only played a role of a housewife and took care of their children, Husband and other family members. In family parents gave more importance to males and they opposed to send their daughters to school after they have reach the age of puberty. They believed that women are born only for playing the role of housewife.
They give first preference to their male children/ sons. In every activities men were lagging behind because of rigid beliefs existed in ancient Indian society. IN modern Indian society, a good deal of change occurred .Now women are as equal as males. The best example of it is –along with the co-educational institutions, the schools and colleges for only girls have come in to existence. Ion family women have given important place as a mother and as a daughter. She gets higher education and she has been able to enter in to spheres of occupational activities. And in many field women play a role as a role model for alleg Kiran Bedi, an honourable public Inspector.
9] Educational heritage
In ancient Indian society, there was Gurukul system of education. Students got education in ashrams and they lived in huts along with their guru. Guru was considered as their teacher and they were called as Shishyas four or five years of their age they went to take education in ashrams and they got education almost 19 or 20 years then they returned to their home. This was the main system of ancient India but after the arrival of britishers and under their authority the ancient ashrams turned in to open schools and students got the formal education in school. After ruined of bitishers